Behaviour of a solar power system

Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics(PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. Photovoltaics convert light into electric current using the photoelectric effect.^[2]

Photovoltaics were initially, and still are, used to power small and medium-sized applications, from the calculator powered by a single solar cell to off-grid homes powered by a photovoltaic array. They are an important and relatively inexpensive source of electrical energy where grid power is inconvenient, unreasonably expensive to connect, or simply unavailable. However, as the cost of solar electricity is falling, solar power is also increasingly being used even in grid-connected situations as a way to feed low-carbon energy into the grid.

Commercial concentrated solar power plants were first developed in the 1980s. The 354 MWSEGS CSP installation is the largest solar power plant in the world, located in the Mojave Desert of California. Other large CSP plants include the Solnova Solar Power Station (150 MW) and the Andasol solar power station (150 MW), both in Spain. The 250+ MW Agua Caliente Solar Project in the United States, and the 221 MW Charanka Solar Park in India, are the world’s largest photovoltaic power stations.

 i use my solar system for led light,i use it, old computer heat sink  and old used computer monitor parts,led light very bright and power saving (low power) log life time,so light back panel very hot so need to log time you for heat sink or fan,good for life time led
i use for led drive 230v out 32v led drive    



Mercury-free - no mercury is used in the manufacturing of LEDs.
 what happened mercury cfl,
mercury released from a broken CFL affect health
f mercury is swallowed less than a thousandth is absorbed 
by the body and most of it is eliminated, mainly through the urine and faeces. 
Still, swallowing a high concentration of mercury on the short term can 
lead to severe harmful and even life-threatening effects



 Benefits of LED lightbulbs


Did you know watts don't tell you how bright a light will be?

To compare different light bulbs, you need to know about lumens. Lumens, 
not watts, tell you how bright a light bulb is, no matter the type of bulb. The more lumens, 
the brighter the light. Beginning in 2012, labels on the
 front of light bulb packages now state a bulb's brightness in lumens, 
instead of the bulb's energy usage in watts. For more information, read our article 
Lumens are the new watts.

While lumens is the best measurement of comparative lighting among the various bulbs,
 it is not always a perfect measure. Some floodlights in can lighting use an internal reflector in the 
bulb to send the light facing downward. When shopping for light bulbs, 
note that bulbs equipped with reflectors will deliver increased directional light.

The chart below shows the amount of brigthness in lumes you can expect from 
different wattage light bulbs. The LED bulbs require much less wattage 
than the CFL or Incandescent light bulbs, which is why LED bulbs are more 
energy-efficient and long lasting than the other types of bulb.

led lights for solar system

so i use my, solar system, for led light, InterLED Light offers a full range of residential, commercial and industrial energy saving products and systems, , guaranteeing high efficiency levels, offering significant cost savings and reducing reliance on conventional power sources. LED lighting technology and systems allow for savings of between 50 and 80% on electrical energy costs, and 8 times more than energy saving fluorescent lamps (CFL), are practically maintenance-free, and are recyclable and do not contaminate the environment (unlike CFLs which contain mercury, thus pollute the environment and can cause health problems). Additional advantages of LED lamps: no flicker, instant on/off, CRI’s 70 to 90, ‘unbreakable’, low temperature and silent operation, low voltage safe, easy dimming, small sizes, .

so i home made, led light housing, for used computer heat sink,

BenefiBenefits of LED light
 
Long-lasting - LED bulbs last up to 10 times as long as compact fluorescents, and far longer than typical incandescents.

Durable - since LEDs do not have a filament, they are not damaged under circumstances when a regular incandescent bulb would be broken. Because they are solid, LED bulbs hold up well to jarring and bumping.

Cool - these bulbs do not cause heat build-up; LEDs produce 3.4 btu's/hour, compared to 85 for incandescent bulbs. Common incandescent bulbs get hot and contribute to heat build-up in a room. LEDs prevent this heat build-up, thereby helping to reduce air conditioning costs in the home.

Mercury-free - no mercury is used in the manufacturing of LEDs.

More efficient - LED light bulbs use only 2-17 watts of electricity (1/3rd to 1/30th of Incandescent or CFL). LED bulbs used in fixtures inside the home save electricity, remain cool and save money on replacement costs since LED bulbs last so long. Small LED flashlight bulbs will extend battery life 10 to 15 times longer than with incandescent bulbs.

Cost-effective - although LEDs are initially expensive, the cost is recouped over time and in battery savings. LED bulb use was first adopted commercially, where maintenance and replacement costs are expensive. But the cost of new LED bulbs has gone down considerably in the last few years. and are continuing to go down. Today, there are many new LED light bulbs for use in the home, and the cost is becoming less of an issue. To see a cost comparison between the different types of energy-saving light bulbs, s

How Inverters Work

solar... power... free... energy!

How Inverters Work 

Simply put, an inverter is an electronic device that converts low voltage DC (direct current) battery power to 115 volt (or 230 volt internationally) AC (alternating current) household electrical power. Hand-held inverters can be plugged into any vehicle cigarette lighter outlet, producing output power levels ranging from 50 to 250* watts. Larger, high output inverters can be hard wired directly to a DC battery source and deliver power from 800 to 2500 watts.* Intermittent operation only. Over 150 watts continuous requires direct connection to the 12 (or 24) volt power  Most inverters convert DC power in two stages. The first stage is a DC-to-DC converter that raises the low voltage DC at the inverter input to 145 volts DC. The second stage is the actual inverter stage. It converts the high voltage DC into 115 volts, 60 Hz AC (230 volt, 50 Hz internationally).The DC-to-DC converter stage uses modern high frequency power conversion techniques that eliminate the bulky transformers found in inverters based on older technology. The inverter stage uses advanced power MOSFET transistors in a full bridge configuration. This gives you excellent overload capability and the ability to operate tough reactive loads like lamp ballast's and small induction motors. Safe - do not install the unit in the same compartment as batteries or in any compartment capable of storing flammable gases or fumes such as gasoline. Do not install the unit in a zero-clearance compartment  Close to Battery - install as close to the battery as possible (keeping item #4 in mind) in order to minimize the length of cable required to connect the inverter to the battery. It is better and cheaper to run longer AC wires than longer DC  
Q: "Can I mount my inverter in a cabinet?" A: Your inverter can be mounted in any location as long as it is clean, dry and has adequate ventilation. In general, it is best to keep your inverter as cool as possible.
Q:"Can the inverter be hooked up under the engine hood?"A: No, the inverter is an electronic device and should not be placed in the engine compartment. Criteria for an installation location is: dry, cool, ventilated, and safe.

Yes, as long as adequate ventilation is maintained. If mounting a high output inverter in this location, you must ensure that the bottom of the inverter remains unobstructed, as this is where the air intake is. If the intended mounting surface is not smooth (such as on carpeting), then you should raise that inverter with mounting blocks of some kind to

Im currently using a 12V Lead-Acid battery to power a speaker amp but when the voltage gets to 11.5 volts, it no longer has enough power for the amp. Im wondering if there is a easy circuit i can build that will take 11-12V in and put 12.5-13V out 11.5 volts for a longer time. A good battery should have about 13.7 volts present when fully charged,
i use amaron battery my solar panel 65amp amaron battery
  We must think safety when we are working around and with batteries. Remove all jewelry. After all you don't want to melt your watchband while you are wearing the watch. The hydrogen gas that batteries make when charging is very explosive. We have seen several instances of batteries blowing up and drenching everything in sulfuric acid. That is no fun, and would have been a good time to use those safety goggles that are hanging on the wall. Heck, just break out your disco outfit. Polyester is not affected by Sulfuric Acid, but anything with cotton will be eaten up. If you do not feel the need to make a fashion statement just wear junk clothes, after all Polyester is still out of style. When doing electrical work on vehicles it is best to disconnect the ground cable. Just remember you are messing with corrosive acid, explosive gases and 100's amps of electrical current.
Basically there are two types of lead acid batteries (along with 3 sub categories); The two main types are Starting (cranking), and Deep Cycle (marine/golf cart). The starting battery (SLI starting lights ignition) is designed to deliver quick bursts of energy (such as starting engines) and therefore has a greater plate count. The plates are thinner and have somewhat different material composition. The deep cycle battery has less instant energy, but greater long-term energy delivery. Deep cycle batteries have thicker plates and can survive a number of discharge cycles. Starting batteries should not be used for deep cycle applications because the thinner plates are more prone to warping and pitting when discharged. The so-called Dual Purpose Battery is a compromise between the two types of batteries, though it is better to be more specific if possible
  Battery Don'ts

• Don't forget safety first.
• Don't add new electrolyte (acid).
• Don't use unregulated high output battery chargers to charge batteries.
• Don't place your equipment and toys into storage without some type of device to keep the battery charged.
• Don't disconnect battery cables while the engine is running (your battery acts as a filter).
• Don't put off recharging batteries.
• Don't add tap water as it may contain minerals that will contaminate the electrolyte.
• Don't discharge a battery any deeper than you possibly have to.
• Don't let a battery get hot to the touch and boil violently when charging.
• Don't mix size and types of batteries.

State of Charge	Specific Gravity	Voltage
		12V	6V
100%	1.265	12.7	6.3
75%	1.225	12.4	6.2
50%	1.190	12.2	6.1
25%	1.155	12.0	6.0
Discharged	1.120	11.9	6.0

my charge controller wiring

So I could have wires coming from the load output of the solar charge controller, and wire those onto my inverter terminals,Using Charge Controllers to prevent overcharging batteries,,,

installation warning

Connect to Battery:

Attach the Solar Charge Controller positive (+) wire to the positive (+) battery terminal. Then

connect the Solar Charge Controller negative (-) wire to the negative (-) battery terminal.

WARNING: The alligator clips MUST be placed on to the battery in the aforementioned order—

wrong connections may cause sparking or explosion.

Connect to Solar Panel:

Option 1

Strip the solar panel wires. Connect positive (+) wire from the solar panel to the positive (+) of the

charge controller and the negative (-) wire from the solar panel to the negative (-) of the charge

controller. Ensure the connections are secure.

Option 2

Some panels may include a quick connect for use with the Solar Charge Controller. If included,

connect positive to positive and negative to negative of charge controller. Ensure connections

shock, heart fibrillation, electric burns,safety first